ROI & costs

How to build the business case for a data project

How to build a solid business case for a data project: problem, quantified benefits, costs, risks and a measurable first result.

DLData Layer Team Jun 8, 2025 4 min read
How to build the business case for a data project

Key takeaways

  • A business case justifies the investment in a data project to leadership.
  • It must quantify benefits and costs, not just describe the technology.
  • It includes problem, solution, return, risks and a measurable first result.
  • A good business case speaks the language of the business.
  • Leadership approves results, not architectures.

A good data idea without a solid business case rarely gets budget. Translating a technical initiative into the language of the business — problem, value, cost and risk — is what separates approved projects from mere intentions.

What it is

A business case is the document that justifies an investment by setting out the problem it solves, the expected benefits, the costs, the risks and the plan. In data, its challenge is quantifying value that sometimes seems intangible.

The essential components

  1. Problem: what business pain it solves and what not solving it costs.
  2. Solution: what will be done, in terms of result, not technology.
  3. Benefits: quantified (savings, revenue, risk avoided).
  4. Costs: realistic TCO, including people and maintenance.
  5. Risks: what could go wrong and how it is mitigated.
  6. Plan: phases and a measurable first result soon.

Quantifying the "intangible"

The biggest challenge is putting figures to benefits like "better decisions". Tie each benefit to a concrete business metric and estimate its improvement conservatively. A prudent, documented estimate convinces more than a vague promise.

Problem
Pain + costof inaction
Benefits & cost
Quantified3-year TCO
Plan
PhasesFirst result soon
A data business case frames the problem, quantifies value and cost, and promises an early result.

Speaking the business language

A data business case fails when it focuses on architecture, not value. Leadership does not approve "a data lake"; it approves "cutting the monthly close from ten days to two". Framing the investment in business results, with an early measurable milestone, is what makes it approvable.

Leadership does not approve a data lake; it approves cutting the monthly close from ten days to two.

In summary

A data business case justifies the investment with problem, quantified benefits, realistic cost, risks and a plan with an early measurable result. Quantify "intangible" benefits conservatively against business metrics, and frame everything in business outcomes — because leadership approves results, not architectures.

Sources & further reading

Frequently asked questions

What must a data business case include?

The business problem, quantified benefits, realistic total cost, risks and a plan with a measurable first result soon.

How do I quantify intangible benefits?

By tying each benefit to a concrete metric and estimating its improvement conservatively: hours by cost, margin points, defaults avoided.

Why do some business cases fail?

By focusing on technology instead of value. Leadership approves business results, not architectures.

How detailed should the cost be?

A realistic three-year TCO including people and maintenance, not just upfront or licence cost.

Why include an early milestone?

A measurable first result soon builds credibility and de-risks the investment, making approval and continued funding easier.

Who is the audience?

Leadership. Frame the case in business outcomes and metrics they care about, not technical architecture.

Turn this data into results

Tell us what you want to achieve. Data Layer connects, processes and delivers the result up and running, with no infrastructure for you to manage.